氪的同位素
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標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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氪(原子量:83.798(2))共有40個同位素,其中有5個同位素是穩定的。
圖表[编辑]
符號 | Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素質量(u) | 半衰期 | 衰變 方式[3] |
衰變 產物[n 1] |
原子核 自旋 |
相對豐度 (莫耳分率) |
相對豐度 的變化量 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激發能量 | |||||||||
69Kr | 36 | 33 | 68.96518(43)# | 32(10) ms | β+ | 69Br | 5/2-# | ||
70Kr | 36 | 34 | 69.95526(41)# | 52(17) ms | β+ | 70Br | 0+ | ||
71Kr | 36 | 35 | 70.94963(70) | 100(3) ms | β+ (94.8%) | 71Br | (5/2)- | ||
β+, p (5.2%) | 70Se | ||||||||
72Kr | 36 | 36 | 71.942092(9) | 17.16(18) s | β+ | 72Br | 0+ | ||
73Kr | 36 | 37 | 72.939289(7) | 28.6(6) s | β+ (99.32%) | 73Br | 3/2- | ||
β+, p (.68%) | 72Se | ||||||||
73mKr | 433.66(12) keV | 107(10) ns | (9/2+) | ||||||
74Kr | 36 | 38 | 73.9330844(22) | 11.50(11) min | β+ | 74Br | 0+ | ||
75Kr | 36 | 39 | 74.930946(9) | 4.29(17) min | β+ | 75Br | 5/2+ | ||
76Kr | 36 | 40 | 75.925910(4) | 14.8(1) h | β+ | 76Br | 0+ | ||
77Kr | 36 | 41 | 76.9246700(21) | 74.4(6) min | β+ | 77Br | 5/2+ | ||
78Kr | 36 | 42 | 77.9203648(12) | 9.2 +5.5 −2.6 +1.3 −×1021 y[1] |
双电子捕获 | 78Se | 0+ | 0.00355(3) | |
79Kr | 36 | 43 | 78.920082(4) | 35.04(10) h | β+ | 79Br | 1/2- | ||
79mKr | 129.77(5) keV | 50(3) s | 7/2+ | ||||||
80Kr | 36 | 44 | 79.9163790(16) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.02286(10) | |||
81Kr[n 2] | 36 | 45 | 80.9165920(21) | 2.29(11)×105 a | ε | 81Br | 7/2+ | trace | |
81mKr | 190.62(4) keV | 13.10(3) s | IT (99.975%) | 81Kr | 1/2- | ||||
ε (.025%) | 81Br | ||||||||
82Kr | 36 | 46 | 81.9134836(19) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.11593(31) | |||
83Kr[n 3] | 36 | 47 | 82.914136(3) | 稳定 | 9/2+ | 0.11500(19) | |||
83m1Kr | 9.4053(8) keV | 154.4(11) ns | 7/2+ | ||||||
83m2Kr | 41.5569(10) keV | 1.83(2) h | IT | 83Kr | 1/2- | ||||
84 Kr [n 3] |
36 | 48 | 83.911507(3) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.56987(15) | |||
84mKr | 3236.02(18) keV | 1.89(4) µs | 8+ | ||||||
85 Kr [n 3] |
36 | 49 | 84.9125273(21) | 10.776(3) a | β− | 85Rb | 9/2+ | trace | |
85m1Kr | 304.871(20) keV | 4.480(8) h | β− (78.6%) | 85Rb | 1/2- | ||||
IT (21.4%) | 85Kr | ||||||||
85m2Kr | 1991.8(13) keV | 1.6(7) µs [1.2(+10-4) µs] |
(17/2+) | ||||||
86Kr[n 4][n 3] | 36 | 50 | 85.91061073(11) | 觀測上穩定[n 5] | 0+ | 0.17279(41) | |||
87Kr | 36 | 51 | 86.91335486(29) | 76.3(5) min | β− | 87Rb | 5/2+ | ||
88Kr | 36 | 52 | 87.914447(14) | 2.84(3) h | β− | 88Rb | 0+ | ||
89Kr | 36 | 53 | 88.91763(6) | 3.15(4) min | β− | 89Rb | 3/2(+#) | ||
90Kr | 36 | 54 | 89.919517(20) | 32.32(9) s | β− | 90mRb | 0+ | ||
91Kr | 36 | 55 | 90.92345(6) | 8.57(4) s | β− | 91Rb | 5/2(+) | ||
92Kr | 36 | 56 | 91.926156(13) | 1.840(8) s | β− (99.96%) | 92Rb | 0+ | ||
β−, n (.033%) | 91Rb | ||||||||
93Kr | 36 | 57 | 92.93127(11) | 1.286(10) s | β− (98.05%) | 93Rb | 1/2+ | ||
β−, n (1.95%) | 92Rb | ||||||||
94Kr | 36 | 58 | 93.93436(32)# | 210(4) ms | β− (94.3%) | 94Rb | 0+ | ||
β−, n (5.7%) | 93Rb | ||||||||
95Kr | 36 | 59 | 94.93984(43)# | 114(3) ms | β− | 95Rb | 1/2(+) | ||
96Kr | 36 | 60 | 95.94307(54)# | 80(7) ms | β− | 96Rb | 0+ | ||
97Kr | 36 | 61 | 96.94856(54)# | 63(4) ms | β− | 97Rb | 3/2+# | ||
β−, n | 96Rb | ||||||||
98Kr | 36 | 62 | 97.95191(64)# | 46(8) ms | 0+ | ||||
99Kr | 36 | 63 | 98.95760(64)# | 40(11) ms | (3/2+)# | ||||
100Kr | 36 | 64 | 99.96114(54)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] |
0+ | ||||
101Kr | 36 | 65 | unknown | >635 ns | β−, 2n | 99Rb | unknown | ||
β−, n | 100Rb | ||||||||
β− | 101Rb |
備註:畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明,只是理論推測而已,而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
溴的同位素 | 氪的同位素 | 銣的同位素 |
註釋[编辑]
- ^ 稳定同位素以粗体显示,半衰期超过宇宙年龄的同位素(几乎稳定)以粗斜体显示
- ^ 用于测量地下水的年龄
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 裂变产物
- ^ 以前用于定义米的长度
- ^ 被认为会双β衰变成86Sr
参考文獻[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Patrignani, C.; et al. Review of Particle Physics. Chinese Physics C. 2016, 40 (10): 100001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/10/100001.(第768页)
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ 存档副本. [2015-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素與同位素的穩定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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